Depression and Substance Abuse

Many treatment centers—including Freedom Recovery Centers—offer integrated treatment for co-occurring conditions. This means that rather than addressing mental health issues and substance use disorders separately, we develop comprehensive treatment plans that tackle both challenges concurrently. So, what is the link between depression and substance abuse? How can you or a loved one get help for a dual diagnosis? Keep reading for more information.

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What is Depression?

While depression¹ comes in many shapes and forms, it’s categorized as a mental health disorder marked by persistent sadness, hopelessness, and a loss of interest in daily activities that can significantly impair functioning. 

Depression goes beyond everyday sadness, which we all experience from time to time. It can impact how you feel and think, ranging from mild to severe symptoms. 

Symptoms of depression may include:

• Feeling sad, empty, or hopeless
• Irritability or frustration
• Angry outbursts
• Sleep issues or insomnia
• Decreased appetite
• Lack of energy (fatigue)
• Restlessness or anxiety
• Feeling worthless or guilty (with a fixation on past failures)
• Difficulty making decisions
• Suicidal thoughts
• Physical issues (such as sudden back pain)

In moderate to severe cases, individuals may turn to alcohol or other substances to cope—which may appear as an easy solution at first. While these substances may temporarily diminish depression symptoms, this behavior can lead to addiction and eventually worsening of one’s mental health.

Common Types of Depression

Surprisingly, there’s more than one type of depression. Common types include:

• ‍Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)²: MDD impacts about 8% of the American population. This type of depression is marked by extreme sadness, sleep changes, fatigue, and irritability that persist for longer than two weeks.‍
• Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)⁶: This is a type of depression that often occurs during the colder, darker months. Experts theorize that it may be due to a lack of natural sunlight and vitamin D.‍
• Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)³: This is a milder form of depression that lasts at least two years. It’s often described as a “gloomy mood.”‍
• Postpartum Depression⁴: This type of depression is believed to result from dramatic hormonal fluctuations after childbirth—combined with the emotional, physical, and psychological stresses of adjusting to a new role as a parent.‍
• Atypical Depression⁵: This form is characterized by mood reactivity—where positive events can temporarily lift mood—and is often accompanied by increased appetite and excessive sleep.

While things can feel hopeless, there is help available. If you’re struggling with depression and substance abuse, the FRC team can guide you toward a happier, healthier, and more fulfilling life. When you’re ready, call us at 804-635-3746.

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What is Substance Abuse?

Substance abuse is when a person uses drugs, alcohol, or prescription medicines in ways that interfere with their daily life, including work, relationships, and more. Often referred to as a substance use disorder (SUD), many individuals find it difficult to stop using—not because of a lack of willpower but because a vicious cycle of physical and psychological dependence develops. 

This means that a person may experience withdrawal (often flu-like symptoms) when they attempt to discontinue the use of the substance. In turn, this can make it difficult to quit without proper support and care. The good news is that it is possible. At FRC, our team can help you tackle the intricate layers of addiction, as well as co-occurring conditions like depression.

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The Link Between Substance Abuse and Depression

Individuals with depression may turn to alcohol or drugs as a way to self-medicate and temporarily escape feelings of sadness or hopelessness. However, this can quickly worsen your mood and mental health, as well as disrupt brain chemistry. 

Additionally, both depression and substance abuse may stem from common underlying factors—such as genetics, traumatic experiences, or high-stress environments—creating a cycle where one condition reinforces the other. 

For example, you may develop depression due to substance use and the effects it has on your life—and vice versa. In many cases, substance abuse leads to social withdrawal and risky behaviors. This can create issues with relationships, work, and more, leading to poor mental health. If you’re already predisposed, such as via genetic factors, to depression, addiction could lead to the development of this mental health condition.

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Getting Help for a Dual Diagnosis

If you’re struggling with depression and substance abuse, know that help is available. You don’t have to try to overcome them alone. FRC is here to answer your call 24/7. Together, we can pave your way toward a more fulfilling and healthier life.

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FAQs

What is the connection between depression and addiction?

Depression and addiction can occur together. Depression may lead to addiction as a means to cope. Meanwhile, addiction can exacerbate and cause depression, especially if you have a family history of mental health issues, past trauma, or live in a high-stress environment.

What comes first, depression or substance abuse?

Sometimes, depression comes first, leading individuals to use substances as a form of self-medication. Meanwhile, in other cases, prolonged substance abuse can trigger depression through its effects on brain chemistry and life circumstances.

What is a risk factor for depression and substance abuse?

A history of childhood trauma, such as neglect, abuse, or exposure to violence, is a significant risk factor for developing depression and substance abuse. Additionally, if you have a family history of depression, you may be more likely to develop it.